One of the factors that can be the link between our intentions and actions and their external consequences is human agency, which indicates the conscious design and intentional execution of actions by the individual in order to influence future events.Objective and Method: This research with a developmental approach of psychometric method and method 1, examines the psychometric indices of the Human Factor Characteristics Scale using the classical THEORY of test score measurement and the graduated question-answer THEORY. The purpose of this study, which included high school students in Tehran, was selected by cluster sampling of 500 people as a sample size and statistical analysis was performed on 481 data. To collect the data, the ion Human Agent Characteristics Scale (2011) was used and the research questions were evaluated using IRTPRO and SPSS software.Results:The assumption of local independence based on Pearson x2 index was established by applying Simjima's calibrated question-answer THEORY and the assumption of being one-dimensional based on the analysis of multidimensional question-answer THEORY. Diagnosis parameters with question-answer approach and classical approach Test score Both item 25 approach had the lowest and item 2 had the highest diagnosis parameter. The answer thresholds for all the questions were so far apart that no option was covered by the other option, and the options were independently selected by individuals at intervals of theta. The total scale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha of 0.945, intentionality of 0.894, foresight of 0.780, self-reactivity of 0.871 and rethinking of 0.762. Also, the role of each item in internal consistency was investigated by the loop method, which all questions had a favorable role in internal consistency of this scale. The value of the validity coefficient obtained from the question-answer THEORY was obtained by marginal method for intentionality 0.92, forethought 0.85, self-reaction 0.91, rethinking 0.83..

The Emergence of semantic THEORY of INFORMATION was accompanied with rapid growth and explosion of INFORMATION in the first half of the 20th century. Despite the mathematical THEORY of INFORMATION that focuses on Shannon's views on INFORMATION, the semantic THEORY emphasizes the content of massages in a phenomenon. In this THEORY, the extent of meanings received by human beings is a measure of semantic INFORMATION. This paper reviews the difference between Semantic THEORY and Mathematical THEORY; meanwhile the history of the use of this THEORY in library and INFORMATION fields, and manifestation of semantic THEORY on theories of INFORMATION seeking behavior are discussed.

Since the first classical study conducted by Beaver (1968), the importance of quantification of the INFORMATION content of accounting figures and its effect on the decisions of investors is the centre of attention by the researchers. The aim of this study is to provide a model for measuring the content of the message in general and financial statements in particular. This model will be able to extract the INFORMATION contained in the figures of financial statements and make it possible to predict the firm's performance even though the facts are not readily acknowledged. To conduct this study, 60 companies listed in Tehran stock exchange during the period 2000 to 2017 are selected. The results show that the ratio of the lack of reliability of operational earnings and net profit, operating income, net profit and the sum of assets have generated more INFORMATION content compared to the uncertainty ratio of individual variables, and reduces the concern of investors. this relation has a negative relationship with the future return of the company.

Introduction: Evaluation of hospital INFORMATION system (HIS) is a complex endeavor, in which all human, technical and organizational aspects should be considered. This study aimed to develop indicators for HIS evaluation.Methods: Present qualitative study was carried out through a cross-sectional method in 2012 in Kerman province, using Delphi technique. Given the objectives of this study, three independent phases were performed including literature review, providing draft indicators for HIS evaluation and reaching consensus. Required data were obtained through interviews and designed forms. Twenty-three experts composed the study population in interview and reaching consensus phases. Validity and reliability were confirmed through content validity and test-retest method, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Final set of indicators for HIS evaluation consisted of ninety-one indicators under 8 main topics, i.e. technical quality, software quality, architecture and interface quality, vendor quality, after-sale services quality, workflow support quality, support department, outcome quality and HIS cost.Conclusion: Given the complexity of INFORMATION system evaluation, all human, technical and organizational aspects have to be taken into account in any evaluation. Proposed indicators provide the possibility of comprehensive evaluation of HIS.

Background and Aim: The socio-cognitive THEORY introduced in INFORMATION science by Horland and Alberchtsen. The socio-cognitive view turns the traditional cognitive program upside down. The socio-cognitive THEORY emphasizes on different cultural and social structures of users. Hence, the aim of the article is to explain the role of socio-cognitive THEORY in INFORMATION retrieval (IR). Methods: The role of the socio-cognitive THEORY in INFORMATION retrieval was determined by reviewing of relevant literature and identifying its concepts. The current research methodology is descriptive, analytical and theoretical. The research paradigm is qualitative. Results: The results revealed that the socio-cognitive THEORY can affect INFORMATION retrieval (IR), INFORMATION behavior and relevancy. The socio-cognitive helps classification of a particular topic in INFORMATION retrieval. It can change a thesaurus to ontology. Also, it can contribute to non-linguistic factors in understanding the meaning in ontologies and it can affect INFORMATION-seeking behavior as a mediating factors. Conclusion. The result of this study shows that we can not only examine issues related to INFORMATION retrieval, relevancy and INFORMATION behavior through the traditional cognitive views. We have to sure that all the cultures and social factors are examined in our studies about IR.

The determination of the relationship between structure and action is a fundamental issue in social sciences and understanding something about the world. Taylor, based on structuration THEORY of Giddens, believes that the INFORMATION use environment (IUE) is the social context or setting within which people live and work. Based on the works by Taylor and Giddens, this paper examines the INFORMATION behavior models. Findings revealed that one important concern in INFORMATION science is to understand the social context within which the use of INFORMATION takes place in organizational settings. INFORMATION is generated, searched, acquired, evaluated, organized, disseminated and used in a social context.

INFORMATION technology is an important part of business development and increasing competitive power, and IT governance is an important part of business governance. There are different tools for evaluating the IT governance. ”COBIT” is one of these most operational integral tools. The framework of COBIT shows the INFORMATION of doing necessaries to gain dominance of INFORMATION Technology. The purpose of this study is to apply an uncertain Grey hierarchy approach to evaluate the governance of INFORMATION technology. Also, a hybrid model of the COBIT framework and TOGAF’s organizational architecture framework are presented. This study in terms of orientation is applicable and its method is descriptive-survey. The questionnaire used to determine the importance of the dimensions of IT governance processes and the evaluation of IT processes at the Faculty of Electronic Education of Shiraz University as a research organization. The first research community consists of experts groups in the area of INFORMATION technology governance that are selected using snowball techniques. The second community consists of 20 faculty directors based on the census. The results of this research show how to apply Grey THEORY in selected organization by applying “COBIT” framework.

This paper initially gives an example of a conversation between two persons and studies some problems that appeared out of this conversation. These problems are categorized into two groups: figurative and substantial. Figurative problems section is divided in two parts of physical body and language and its structure. There exists the problem of INFORMATION transfer in language. Because of close relationship between INFORMATION THEORY (in mathematics) and optimality THEORY (in language), language has been defined as a collection of limitations and the role of these limitation has been given in brief. Then the INFORMATION THEORY and the channel of INFORMATION transfer from source to destination will be explained. In this paper the concepts of antropy and redundancy are discussed. Evaluation of antropy and redundancy in English language and an example of an English word, antropy and redundancy in Farsi language will be explained. Then the results are shown as follows: the antropy of Farsi language on the first letter is 5 bit/ symbol and its redundancy is 80%.

Rafael Capurro defines the concept of INFORMATION from a philosophical standpoint. At the first step, he criticizes the subjectivist presumptions of INFORMATION science that derive from subject-object dichotomy in modem thought. As an alternative, Capurro suggests hermeneutic conception of INFORMATION, based on the works of Heidegger and Gadamer. He attempts to define INFORMATION in terms of existential practices of living. From this viewpoint, INFORMATION is defined as an existential dimension of being-in-the-world-with-others, i.e., articulation of Dasein's pragmatic understanding of thematically and situationally shared world. Based on this hermeneutical view, Capurro theorizes about hermeneutic-rhetoric as well as formal methodologic aspects of INFORMATION science.